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Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment of chronic (neglected) gonorrhea in men and women

Chronic gonorrhea – an infectious disease of the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system generated on the background of the transformation of the acute form. The causative agent is the gonococcus (Neisseria gonorrhoeae), from what seems like the name. This is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases which spread from person to person most often through sexual contact.

Disease in women and men can cause many complications, especially in the case of chronic process. People can hear the other name of the disease – gonorrhoea.

How is the infection infection

During intercourse, the pathogen is transmitted from the mucous membrane of the genital tract of the infected mucous membrane of another person that often occurs during unprotected sex. For this reason, the use of contraceptives greatly reduces the chance of transmission and prevention of infection.

The duration of the incubation period can vary from several days to 2-3 weeks. During this period, the pathogen multiplies rapidly in the field "gateway" infection in the mucosa.

Symptoms and signs

To know, you need to start with the acute form.

Immediately after the end of the incubation period of Neisseria gonorrhoeae begins to spread upward path in the course of the urethra. In women, the distribution is much faster, because their urethra is much shorter than in men.

With the spread of the infection gaining momentum obvious signs – pus, baking pain during urination, paradoxical ischuria, painful urination, which leaves only a small amount of urine. Thus, the pathogen moves from the urethra to the bladder, and then can get into the kidneys.

For gonorrhea is not typical by hematogenous spread, because the agent in the blood quickly die. But the same cannot be said about the immunodeficient patients: they pathogen can easily contaminate other organs and even to sepsis. These women and men most often the infection affects the joints, myocardium and pericardium.

It should be noted that although Plasmodium and cannot get into the blood in people with adequate immune response, it can cause General intoxication symptoms, dizziness, increased body temperature, decreased performance, fatigue and hypersensitivity. This is due to the fact that the gonococcus can allocate into the blood of toxic substances.

Factors that could cause aggravation, there are many: stress, pregnancy, comorbidity, Smoking, alcohol, menstruation, injury, etc. Adequate treatment of chronic gonorrhea can get rid of many problems, including complications.

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Possible complications

First, let's consider a common complication for women and men.

When ineffective treatment or not paying for using the possible lethality against the background of multiple organ failure and gonococcal sepsis. Often the gonococcus affects the brain, where it can cause meningitis or encephalitis, abscesses. In the cardiac pouch may develop exudative pericarditis, and in the heart – infectious myocarditis. With the defeat of the joints marked by pain and decreased motility in the infected region.

However, timely diagnosis can prevent the development of severe complications.

In men, gonorrhea can spread to the prostate, deferent ducts, the epididymis and the testicle itself. Acute gonorrheal prostatitis is fraught with grave consequences for sexual activities of men, because the prostate is second heart. Epididymitis and orchitis may also cause infertility.

In women, the process often involves the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. In that order, the infection ascends the reproductive tract of the female, which often leads to problems with the menstrual cycle and infertility.

Diagnosis and identification of the pathogen

The first thing you need to carefully collect medical history, detailed questioning about the recent sex of the patient, especially unprotected. History is also important to find out all comorbidities will allow to make an approximate forecast.

It is necessary to distinguish acute from chronic gonorrhoea. It is necessary to ask the patient the duration of illness. If it lasts more than 2 months, then it is safe to suspect a chronic process.

It is necessary to conduct a General analysis of blood, urine, bacteriological examination of the purulent discharge from the urethra. It is through this research, physicians can accurately select the best antibiotic therapy, evaluating the results of individual sensitivity of gonococci to antibiotics.

When you choose research is important not to overlook symptoms that indicate the failure of the gonococcus other organs.

How to cure chronic gonorrhoea

As mentioned above, treatment of chronic gonorrhoea depends on the results of the antibiogram. Classic chronic gonorrhea is easy to treat cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones. Antibiotic therapy during pregnancy drugs from the group of macrolides – clarithromycin, erythromycin, etc.

Under the Protocol, the disease is considered cured only if the medication were not observed symptoms for more than 2 months.

In the case of adequate diagnostic andtreatment the prognosis is favorable. Gonorrhoea, in most cases, does not pose a risk to life, but significantly affects its quality.