What is neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder, what are its causes, symptoms, treatment?

In urological practice found such a pathological condition as neurogenic bladder. It is not an independent disease but a clinical syndrome caused by pathology of the nervous system. The condition is a social problem, as often becomes the cause of the impaired mental status of a sick person. - Known cases of neurogenic bladder caused suicides. What are the causes, symptoms and treatment of this pathological condition?

General information about the disease

Neurogenic bladder in children and adults is a syndrome that is characterized by impaired excretion of urine due to lesions of the nervous system. The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ located in the pelvic cavity. The main function of the bladder the accumulation and excretion of urine. Like any other organ, the bladder is functioning without the involvement of the nervous system. The basis of this pathology lies the violation of the innervation of the organ. Amid this change, the contractility of the muscular layer of the bladder (detrusor) and the sphincter. The sphincter in a healthy person prevents the excretion of urine, and the reduction of the detrusor, on the contrary, promotes the expulsion of urine.

In violation of the synchronicity of these processes, there are various dysuria (pollakiuria, incontinence or retention). Allocate hyporeflectivity and hyperreflexia neurogenic bladder in children and adults. Such division is determined by the level of damage to the nervous system. With the defeat of the suprasegmental parts of the nervous system (hypothalamus, cortex) observed increased contractility of the muscles of the body. It may be manifested by incontinence and frequent bladder emptying. With the defeat of segmental division, which is located in the region of the spinal cord, the activity of the detrusor is reduced. Very often this syndrome becomes a cause of inflammatory diseases (pyelonephritis, cystitis, hypertension, chronic renal failure). This pathology is found in children and adults of any gender. In children this problem has been well-known pediatrician Komorowski.

Hypotonic form of neurogenic bladder requires catheterization. You want to ensure a regular flow of urine. Only then can the patient's condition will improve. To improve the contractility of the organ is shown special exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. In severe cases may require resection of the neck of the body. It allows efflux of urine in a simple press on the pubic area. Important place in the treatment is the diet and drinking regime. At difficulty of outflow of urine shouldto limit fluid intake. From the diet should exclude salt food, spices, smoked food, alcohol. Often patients assigned to diet No. 7 by Pevsner. If the reason for the dysfunction was the trauma, you should rest.

Possible consequences and prevention

In the absence of therapeutic measures in this condition may result in the following consequences:

• psychological disorders;
• problems in family life;
• suicidal thoughts;
• incontinence;
• uremia;
• pyelonephritis;
• cystitis;
• the formation of stones in the bladder;
• rupture of the bladder and the development of peritonitis.

The greatest danger to the patient is rupture of the organ. It happens when you overflow the bubble. When you break the urine is poured into the abdominal cavity, leading to inflammation of the peritoneum (peritonitis). Such a condition requires emergency care. To prevent the neurogenic bladder, it is necessary to eliminate the possible triggering factors.

Preventive measures include the exclusion of stress, adherence to work and rest, prevention of hypothermia, elimination of circumstances that may result in injury to the spinal cord and brain. In order to prevent congenital form of neurogenic bladder, avoid birth trauma. This is achieved by proper management of pregnancy and childbirth. In some cases the cause may be inflammation of the brain and other inflammatory diseases. To the bladder was in the right mode, you should avoid or promptly treat infectious diseases as encephalitis is a frequent complication.

Thus, the syndrome of neurogenic bladder is not organic pathology. The main reason is the violation of the nervous system. At emergence of the first complaints you should consult a doctor (neurologist). Treatment at home can lead to complications, despite the fact that this pathological condition is treated well through a variety of soothing herbal teas and psychotherapy. Often, violation of urine excretion due to psychological causes, eliminating them, you can achieve a cure.