Topographic anatomy, structure and physiology of the bladder in women and men

Even to school many people know where is the bladder looks like and what is its function in the body. The bladder is unpaired organ located in the abdomen, directly behind the pubic bone. He is one of the organs of the urinary system, which is responsible for the accumulation of urine from the body.

Innervation of urinary organ allows you to create the urge to urinate, relaxes muscles to drain urine and allows it to keep the allocation for a certain period of time.

The structure of the bladder

The location of the bladder is different in women, men and young children. Its structure differs in a spherical container that changes its shape and size depending on the fullness. It also has top, bottom, directly to the body and a neck that narrows going into the urethral canal. When the urinary organ does not contain liquid, it resembles a flat circle, but filled it has the form of a pear. The bladder holds about 750 ml of liquid, then by means of the nerve endings he gives a signal to the brain that needs to be emptied. For inflammation of the bladder the urge to urinate will occur even with a small amount of urine in it.

The anatomical features of men and women

In men, near the bladder is the prostate gland, with both sides of it are seminal ducts. The anatomy of this organ in women is slightly different primarily by the fact that the bladder is very close to the uterus and vagina. The urethral canal in women is sizes from 2 to 5 cm, and males - 16 cm and more. It is the length of the urethral canal in males protects the body from being hit by various pathogenic organisms, which in women often penetrate through genitals.

Women in position, should be examined by a doctor on the subject of various pathological processes in the internal organs, which can negatively affect a successful pregnancy and the birth process.

How does the urine flow?

The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are two of the biggest groups of the nervous system. The parasympathetic system, namely the nerve bundles located in the tissue of the bladder and close to the body. The sympathetic system participates in the regulation of urinary organ, but it is located in the distance.

Parasympathetic innervation signals, allowing you to relax and contract the detrusor (the muscle that pushes urine out of the bladder). When nerve endings are excited, irritated, at the same time reducedthe detrusor and relax the urethral sphincter.

Sympathetic nerve endings serving impulses to the internal sphincter of the bladder, which leads to its contraction and relaxation of muscles of the wall. This allows control of urination to a certain point. In human patients with various dysfunctions of the nervous system this process is disrupted, and they can't control urination.

When the bladder fills, its walls are stretched, and nerve impulses send a signal to the spinal cord and then to the brain about the need to be emptied.

If this occurs, the body continues to fill further, and at some point the urination occurs by itself.

To keep the urine in the body by using the muscles, which in a healthy person are working fine, but sick people, pregnant women and mothers, and also people of Mature age weakened. This leads to leakage of urine from the bladder or incontinence. To get rid of the problem by muscle training, specialized treatment, including surgical.

The blood supply to the body is carried out through arteries:

• upper vesical;
• the lower vesical.

The venous outflow direction occurs in the inner veins, which are called the iliac.

The bladder plays not the least role in the body, since it performs a vital function: removes fluid from the body. It needs to be protected, because to live without him will not be a single person. Prevention activities of other bodies, careful monitoring of health and lifestyle will help to maintain the efficiency of the bubble up to the twilight years.