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Causes of trichomoniasis (trichomoniasis) and a description of its causative agent

Trichomoniasis is the most common infection of the genital tract in the world. Despite the active fight against it, asymptomatic carriers leads to a permanent widespread dissemination.

Infected with trichomoniasis is a lot easier than it cured. Therefore, every year the number of patients and carriers is increasing. The main issue the treatment of this infection is considered a rapidly emerging resistance of the parasite to current drugs, causing treatment is often ineffective.

The causative agent of trichomoniasis: description

The causative agent of trichomoniasis contains on its surface flagella that enable it to attach tightly to the epithelial cells and even penetrate into the space between them. Trichomonas are able to produce an enzyme (hyaluronidase) which easily destroys intercellular communication. Also on its surface it can fix antitrypsin, because it does not disintegrate from the action of unfavorable factors.

Where does trichomoniasis

The main mode of transmission of trichomoniasis is sexual contact without protection with a patient or carrier. Transmission of the pathogen through water and linen is not proved, although it is known that Trichomonas may be up to a day to maintain their activity in a damp environment.

The risk of catching the infection when a single random contact is quite high, as trichomoniasis highly contagious. The greater the number of pathogen gets into the genital tract and lower immune resistance, the higher the risk of infection.

The slightly acidic vaginal environment with a pH of 5-6 and a temperature of about 37 degrees is the ideal environment for the development of the simplest. And since the Trichomonas the anaerobic, lack of oxygen in the habitat it does not scare.

In addition to the active vegetative form of Trichomonas is able to be covered by a dense capsule (go to L-form). This allows it to survive during the treatment and other adverse effects. This feature of the causative agent of trichomoniasis greatly complicates the therapy.

From what sickness

Where does trichomoniasis, interested in each patient because it is not always possible to determine exactly by whom and when was infected.

In humans normal habitat for 2 species of Trichomonas: intestinal and oral. Although they are not pathogenic, many scientists believe that when injected into the reproductive tract these microbes can be transformed in the vaginal Trichomonas. It is therefore possible cause for trichomoniasis also should be considered non-traditional, oral and anal contact, although these paths are not officially confirmed.

What a dangerous infection

Having considered the causes of trichomoniasis, you shouldto see and its consequences.

First, the large size of the pathogen leads to the fact that it can absorb smaller substances, including viruses. Often after long-term treatment of trichomoniasis of the patient detected HIV infection, which is associated with the mass destruction of Trichomonas and the outside absorbed HIV viruses.

In addition, trichomoniasis is often the cause of other genital infections. For example, gonorrhea or chlamydia. This is due to the reduction of local immunity of the reproductive system.

Immediate complications of trichomoniasis are inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system. It's urethritis and prostatitis in males, and cystitis, endometriosis, colpitis and vaginitis in women.

Trichomoniasis in women often disrupts the menstrual cycle and leads to adhesions in the tubes, causing pregnancy either does not occur or may be localized outside of the uterus. In men, trichomoniasis dramatically reduces the sperm motility, which can also be a cause of infertility.

Criteria of recovery

Unfortunately, rapid development of resistance in Trichomonas to drugs does not allow absolutely guarantee the effectiveness of therapy after the first course.

Even if the symptoms disappeared completely, is to use protection before putting the follow-up tests. And only if after 2-3 months the causative agent is not detected neither microscopically nor sowing, we can talk about a full etiological cure.