How and why the syphilis manifests itself in the oral cavity, throat, lips, tongue

Be infected with syphilis of the mouth is not difficult. You do not even have to have oral sexual contact with the patient. Given that Treponema pallidum, lives some time in the moisture, just use a dirty Cup of the patient or his toothbrush.

Transmission of syphilis of the throat and mouth not excluded when visiting the dentist if the tools were not sufficiently treated after the treatment of a patient with syphilis.

The risk of infection is compounded by the fact that in the primary incubation period, the disease often occurs without clear symptoms. And then the patient's syphilis of the larynx or pharynx has no clue about his diagnosis. He continues still at least several months after infection to infect their family members and sexual partner.

Manifestations of syphilis in the mouth

Secondary syphilis subsides and recurs regularly and over time in the thickness of the hard palate or the tongue begins to ripen Gunma Prefecture, causing deformation of bone and soft tissue. This terminal enters into a stage in the development of the disease.

The first stage is the appearance of the chancre

It is known that the chancre occurs at the site of entry of Treponema pallidum in the mucosa. So it can be located on the lip, the tongue and the hard palate, the gingiva or the cheek.

Primary syphilis on the lips usually has the appearance of a round red rigid ulcers. Its size is usually not more than 2 cm, and the edges are somewhat raised relative to the center. Characteristic of chancre is painless, because of which the patient rarely goes to the doctor at this stage.

Primary syphilis on the tongue, in turn, may take the form of cracks. This is due to the fact that the ulcer is hidden in the folds of the mucosa. If they spread, become visible in its clear oval shape. All of the patient's concern at this stage is the feeling of a foreign body in the mouth that occurs due to the solid consistency of the lesion.

Syphilitic chancre often solitary but on the mucous membranes of the gums and cheeks, there are several small hard ulcers located close to each other. At the end of the first week after infection there is an increase in the submandibular lymph nodes.

The second stage

Further manifestations of syphilis of the oral cavity can develop in parallel with the rash on the skin of the body or in isolation.

So, a week or more after the disappearance of the chancre in the mouth appear multiple red spots – roseola. They merge and grow on the periphery, turning into a diffuse erythematous stomatitis. Like the chancre, these spots do not hurt. They are located symmetrically in the sky, the bows and the language and contain numerous treponemes. Such manifestations are called secondary fresh syphilis of the mouth.

src="/syphilis/images/507-0.jpg" title="syphilis on the lips" alt="syphilis on the lips"If you do not take antibiotics during the fresh process, he eventually calms down, but further aggravated with new force. This time in the mouth there is not the spots, but mainly papules, tend to join into plaques.

Papules are not symmetrical, can form chains and bizarre pictures in his mouth. When poskablivanii there is some peeling on the edges (collar Byetta). If lesions are localized on the tongue, the papillae in this place atrophy. Appear smooth and shiny "plots mown meadows".

In addition to the spots and knots in this period in the mouth can cause blisters (vesicles with pus). This is usually accompanied by an increase of all the lymph nodes on the body and rise in temperature.

These manifestations of the secondary stage is extremely dangerous to others, because of what the patient need to be isolated in the hospital during therapy. If not immediately start treatment, Treponema easily spread into the throat and larynx and cause syphilis of the throat.

Tertiary process

If to start illness, after many years on the background of individual papules and spots in the mouth begin to ripen bumps and knots (gum). Development cycle of one such element can be 3-5 months.

First, in the thickness of the palate or tongue formed a seal, which then disintegrates with the formation of deep ulcers. The ulcer heals, but leaves a deep star-shaped atrophic scars with loss of tissue. The structure of the mouth are strongly deformed. May even form a communication between the mouth and the nose or maxillary sinus.

With the disintegration of the gum on the tongue, the patient often loses the ability to articulate speech. Tertiary process often ends in diffuse sclerotic glossitis with the growth of connective tissue. The language becomes woody and inert, which also interferes with the ability to speak. In the future, these defects did not recover and require plastic surgery or prosthetics.

Syphilis of the upper respiratory tract

Primary syphilis of the pharynx and larynx is very rare, as Treponema finds a place for introduction into the oral cavity. However, manifestations of the secondary stage in the mouth is often the causative agent is filled in the upper respiratory tract, causing syphilis of the throat. While it can develop along with manifestations in the mouth, which somewhat facilitates diagnosis of, and separately from them. Endoscopic examination of throat and larynx revealed syphilitic spots and papules.

Secondary syphilis of the pharynx may be placed in the oral and nasal part, in the area of internal openings of the auditory tubes. Syphilis of the larynx is often seen on the vocal cords, the mucous membrane between the arytenoidcartilages and epiglottis. At endoscopy the mucosa looks reddened and swollen. However, all these symptoms completely painless, unless, of course, it is not associated with other infection.

Syphilis of the larynx may have such clinical symptoms as a dry cough and difficulty breathing due to edema of the mucosa. In the third stage, which is characterized by the development of ulceration and scarring, and may even develop stenosis of the larynx. Cicatricial processes in the throat often cause nasal and loss of smell. But with the defeat of the auditory tube and possibly hearing loss.